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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 5. Data Definition</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="[email protected]" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html" title="4.3. Calling Functions" /><link rel="next" href="ddl-basics.html" title="5.1. Table Basics" /></head><body><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">Chapter 5. Data Definition</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html" title="4.3. Calling Functions">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="sql.html" title="Part II. The SQL Language">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Part II. The SQL Language</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 10.23 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ddl-basics.html" title="5.1. Table Basics">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></hr></div><div class="chapter" id="DDL"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">Chapter 5. Data Definition</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-basics.html">5.1. Table Basics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-default.html">5.2. Default Values</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-constraints.html">5.3. Constraints</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-CHECK-CONSTRAINTS">5.3.1. Check Constraints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-constraints.html#id-1.5.4.5.6">5.3.2. Not-Null Constraints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-UNIQUE-CONSTRAINTS">5.3.3. Unique Constraints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-PRIMARY-KEYS">5.3.4. Primary Keys</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-FK">5.3.5. Foreign Keys</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-EXCLUSION">5.3.6. Exclusion Constraints</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-system-columns.html">5.4. System Columns</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-alter.html">5.5. Modifying Tables</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-ADDING-A-COLUMN">5.5.1. Adding a Column</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-REMOVING-A-COLUMN">5.5.2. Removing a Column</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-ADDING-A-CONSTRAINT">5.5.3. Adding a Constraint</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-REMOVING-A-CONSTRAINT">5.5.4. Removing a Constraint</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#id-1.5.4.7.9">5.5.5. Changing a Column's Default Value</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#id-1.5.4.7.10">5.5.6. Changing a Column's Data Type</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#id-1.5.4.7.11">5.5.7. Renaming a Column</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-alter.html#id-1.5.4.7.12">5.5.8. Renaming a Table</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-priv.html">5.6. Privileges</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-rowsecurity.html">5.7. Row Security Policies</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-schemas.html">5.8. Schemas</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CREATE">5.8.1. Creating a Schema</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PUBLIC">5.8.2. The Public Schema</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PATH">5.8.3. The Schema Search Path</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PRIV">5.8.4. Schemas and Privileges</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CATALOG">5.8.5. The System Catalog Schema</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PATTERNS">5.8.6. Usage Patterns</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PORTABILITY">5.8.7. Portability</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-inherit.html">5.9. Inheritance</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-inherit.html#DDL-INHERIT-CAVEATS">5.9.1. Caveats</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-partitioning.html">5.10. Table Partitioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITIONING-OVERVIEW">5.10.1. Overview</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITIONING-DECLARATIVE">5.10.2. Declarative Partitioning</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITIONING-IMPLEMENTATION-INHERITANCE">5.10.3. Implementation Using Inheritance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITIONING-CONSTRAINT-EXCLUSION">5.10.4. Partitioning and Constraint Exclusion</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITIONING-DECLARATIVE-BEST-PRACTICES">5.10.5. Declarative Partitioning Best Practices</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-foreign-data.html">5.11. Foreign Data</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-others.html">5.12. Other Database Objects</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ddl-depend.html">5.13. Dependency Tracking</a></span></dt></dl></div><p> This chapter covers how one creates the database structures that will hold one's data. In a relational database, the raw data is stored in tables, so the majority of this chapter is devoted to explaining how tables are created and modified and what features are available to control what data is stored in the tables. Subsequently, we discuss how tables can be organized into schemas, and how privileges can be assigned to tables. Finally, we will briefly look at other features that affect the data storage, such as inheritance, table partitioning, views, functions, and triggers. </p></div><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" class="navfooter"><hr></hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html" title="4.3. Calling Functions">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="sql.html" title="Part II. The SQL Language">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ddl-basics.html" title="5.1. Table Basics">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">4.3. Calling Functions </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 10.23 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 5.1. Table Basics</td></tr></table></div></body></html>